![]() When a ball (including a served ball) goes outside or over the antenna and goes to the opponent’s side, it is an antenna fault.An antenna fault is declared if the ball touches an antenna, the net outside it, the referee stand or any cables, straps, or net posts.Line judges allow the following: the ball touches the referee, crosses the net cable completely, or goes under the net.It can also be the bleachers, non-player, bench, overhead obstruction, wall, divider curtain, etc. It can be anything that has caused it to be out of play, like overhead obstruction, or the floor in the opponent’s free zone. The ball is also ‘out’ if the ball crosses the net through the antennas and has touched anything except the net apparatus.A player must not have touched the ball on that half of the field, and neither it has come in contact with any part of the sideline or end line. A ball is considered ‘out’ when it lands complelty outside the boundary line.A ball is ‘in’ when it lands on an area inside the court.It would be best if you also kept these rules in mind to understand why the line judge is displaying a particular decision: Rules for Inbounds and Out of Bounds There are some rules that line judges must remember and follow while determining faults. Volleyball line judge rules Photo by Stephen Baker on Unsplash When they raised both their arms and crossed them in front of their chest with palms facing their bodies, it means ‘VIEW OF PLAY BLOCKED.If they are waving the flag over their head while pointing to the service area with their index finger, extending their arm at shoulder height, it means ‘FOOT FAULT’ or ‘SERVICE LINE FAULT.’.If they point towards the antennae while waving the flag over their head, it means ‘ANTENNAE VIOLATION.’.When they bring the flag in front of their body to their shoulder level and keep the other hand’s open palm on the flag, it means ‘TOUCH.’.If you see them raising the flag over their head and waving it, it means they are ‘OBTAINING FIRST REFEREE’S ATTENTION.’.When they extend an arm and raise the flag, it means ‘OUT-OF-BOUNDS.’. ![]() When they are pointing towards the middle of the court with the flag down, it means ‘INBOUNDS.’ As a player, you should not be confused about what they mean when giving specific signals with their flag: Using the official flag signals, the line judges indicate the nature of the fault they are calling out. Though the line judges use a few hand signals, beginner players need to know the flag signals first. It’s a red flag between 12 × 12 inches (30.48 cm) to 16 × 16 inches (40.64 cm) in size. You have seen line judges giving signals using the flag they hold.
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